English for medical students посібник з англійської мови
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пособие мед 2 (1) 2
- Бұл бет үшін навигация:
- Exercise 2. Match the definitions with the words from active vocabulary
- Exercise 3. Translate the word combinations
- Exercise 4. Read and translate the text: HYPERTENSION
| HYPERTENSION
Exercise 1. Topic Vocabulary:
Exercise 2. Match the definitions with the words from active vocabulary: 1. The process of growing old or maturing; 2. Loss of brain function due to a disturbance in the blood supply to the brain; 3. Characterized by much sitting; 4. Without symptoms; 5. Abnormally low blood pressure; 6. Inadequate or deficient; 7. Insistently repetitive or continuous; 8. Abnormally elevated blood pressure. Exercise 3. Translate the word combinations: Cardiac chronic medical condition; systemic arterial blood pressure; primary hypertension; secondary hypertension; obvious medical cause; persistent hypertension; risk factors for stroke; chronic kidney failure; moderate elevation; shortened life expectancy; dietary and lifestyle changes; associated health complications; ineffective or insufficient; accelerated hypertension; direct cause; sedentary lifestyle; potassium deficiency; salt sensitivity; inherited genetic mutations; family history of hypertension. Exercise 4. Read and translate the text: HYPERTENSION Hypertension or high blood pressure is a cardiac chronic medical condition in which the systemic arterial blood pressure is elevated. What that means is that the heart has to work harder than it should to pump the blood around the body. Blood pressure involves two measurements, systolic and diastolic. Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm/Hg. The first figure is the systolic blood pressure, the pressure there is in the arteries when your heart is contracting. The second, or lower figure, is the diastolic blood pressure, which is the pressure in your arteries between heart beats. High blood pressure is anything above 140/90 mm/Hg. Hypertension is the opposite of hypotension. Hypertension is classified as either primary hypertension or secondary hypertension. About 90–95% of cases are categorized as "primary hypertension," which means high blood pressure with no obvious medical cause. The remaining 5–10% of cases (іecondary hypertension) are caused by other conditions that affect the kidneys, arteries, heart or endocrine system. Persistent hypertension is one of the risk factors for stroke, myocardial infarction and heart failure, and is a leading cause of chronic kidney failure. Moderate elevation of arterial blood pressure leads to shortened life expectancy. Dietary and lifestyle changes can improve blood pressure control and decrease the risk of associated health complications, although drug treatment may prove necessary in patients for whom lifestyle changes are ineffective or insufficient. Mild to moderate essential hypertension is usually asymptomatic. Accelerated hypertension is associated with headache, drowsiness, confusion, vision disorders, nausea, and vomiting. Although no direct cause for hypertension has been identified, there are many factors such as sedentary lifestyle, smoking, stress, obesity, potassium deficiency, salt sensitivity, alcohol intake, and vitamin D deficiency that increase the risk of developing hypertension. Risk also increases with aging, some inherited genetic mutations, and having a family history of hypertension. The first line of treatment for hypertension includes some lifestyle changes such as dietary changes; physical exercises; weight loss. жүктеу/скачать 0,8 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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