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- Methodology of teaching compound proper noun in Uzbek secondary schools
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“Young Scientist” . # 8 (112) . April 2016 Philology В заключение можно сказать что надо изучать и научно, и монографически оронимы, связанные с терминами че- ловеческих имён, животных, растений, организмов чело- века, разных цветов, религиозных понятий горного хребта «Ойкор» Бахмальского района. Methodology of teaching compound proper noun in Uzbek secondary schools Akhmedova Nargiza Alidjanovna, the English teacher Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan W e found out that proper nouns are widely used in speech and bear additional semantic-pragmatic meanings pe- culiar to lingvocultural features of the language. That»s why it is important to teach proper nouns in language teaching. While teaching proper nouns there appear the following diffi- culties to which teaching methodology should pay attention: 1. Reading and pronunciation difficulties of proper nouns. 2. Translating them into Uzbek. 3. Understanding the contextual and pragmatic mean- ings of proper nouns. Reading and pronunciation difficulties are caused by mostly exceptional reading of names differing from or- dinary established rules of the language. For instance « Worthington » should be pronounced as [wo: tingten] in- stead accepted rules [wo: ðington] Delaware [«del′we (′) r] in this pronunciation it means name of the tribe , while in Delaware [«del′w ɛ ′] pronunciation it expresses the state name. the same way exceptional pronunciationscan be found in the following words too: Southwark Cathedral [«s ʌ ð′kk′, ′idr′l] Henry Bolingbroke [«bôling bro′ok; «bōling brōk] Malamute [«mal′mju: t] Analyzing the given examples we concluded that most of these proper nouns belong to borrowings. They transform not only the word but also pronunciation too. So there appeared some misunderstandings in reading. But during the teaching English such kind of difficulties can»t be taught systemati- cally. The only way of reducing these problems is establishing skills for working with dictionaries. By the help of dictionaries learners can know the right pronunciation. Another difficulty arising with proper nouns is their trans- lation to Uzbek. Usually there is used two way of translating proper nouns into Uzbek: a) transliteration. b) transcription. Transcription is the most frequent way of translating proper names. It means to transform only pronunciation of nouns from one language to another. Here these nouns are reformed by the speech sounds of other language. For in- stance « Mathewson » is translated into Uzbek as « Maty- uson » by the pronunciation [«maT′Hyo′os′n]. While transcribing proper nouns they are completely ad- opted to linguistic features of translating languages. This phenomenon can be strictly seen in the sound which are not identical or existing in other languages. For instance «th» letter combination is not perculiar to Uzbek so they are tran- scribed by purely sound «t». e. g. Thimble Shoal Channel — Timbesoul kanali, Theodorbook — Teodorbruk. Another difficulty occur with proper nouns is borrowed words. They usually keep their pronunciation, so may cause some misunderstanding in reading and translating. Most of these words belong to Latin or historical data. E. g. Geraldine [« ʤ er′ldin] — Jeraldin Géricault [zherē»kō] — Jerekou But unlike to traditional nouns, there can be found some exception in pronunciation of proper nouns as follow. Gernsback, Hugo — Gernsbek instead of «Jernsbek» Cellini [ch′»lēnē] — Chelini instead of general rule « Selini » Celtington — Keltinton instead of « Seltington » The other way of transforming proper nouns from one lan- guage to another is transliteration. Unlike transcription in usually transform only letter of formal features of the nouns. Transliteration is used less frequent then other methods of noun transforming. It»s sphere of usage is also reduced and mainly covers proper nouns expressing names of companies, firms and others. General Motors — jeneral motors Hampstonshire — Xampstonshir Sarmont enterprise — Samont interpraiz. Its quite difficult to point out strict difference between transcription and transliteration. For instance in proper nouns as: «Madison Square — Medison skver», «Ar- chibald — Archibald » While researching proper nouns in English we observed that they can also express some other semantic and prag- matic meanings which are belong to their etymology and transforming their meanings to common noun. That kind of usage of proper nouns are usually bear figurative notions and structurally occur in literary stile. …after having made a few constrained and unnatural demonstrations of friendliness, they left him alone. It was almost, Anthony found, like being sent to Coventry. (A. Huxley, «Eyeless in Gaza», ch. VI. P. 74). |