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aspects of linguo-culturology have also been the subject
of the article. As a rule, personal names are translated be
means of transcription or transliteration .
But when a proper name acquires the connotation as
an important pragmatic factor, it should be translated on
a communicative but not on a semantic level. As to the
meaning of national realia it is more often than not rendered
by means of transcription or transliteration, but very often
explication of their national meaning is also necessary. For
example: All his life was spent working on a collective farm
, growing fruit and berries. He always had a ketmen in his
hands, right up to the day of his death. The word “ketmen”
is an implement for working the land; a mattock. While
translating the names of national holidays the pragmatic
approach is also required. For example, Kurban ait is
translated by transliteration, and gives notion of muslim
holiday. In these example we can notice the linguocultural
and linguocultural pragmatic aspects of the work. Every
translator should have experience when they translate
realies, phraseologisms. Because these need a special
knowledge which is called backround knowledge. The
knowledge of culture is as well as.Sociolinguistic aspect
of the theory of translation includes the consideration of
translation as socially determined communicative process,
social norm of translation and viewing translation as the
reflection of a social world. The objects of description
are various kinds of socially conditioned pragmatic
relations, which determine the essence of translation
as communicative act: pragmatics of source text, which
determines its functional type; pragmatics of target text,
oriented to a different culture [4, 18]; orientation of the
translator for meeting the requirements of the society, that
is, social norm of translation; pragmatics of the language
units of both source and target languages, the pragmatics,
which is connected with stratification and situational
varieties of lexicon.Pragmatic approach to the analysis of
the situation will show the translator the right way.
Source text: «Өмір-өзен бір минутқа кідірмей, сы-
наптай сырғып өтіп барады екен ғой. Сау кезімізде
соңымызға жалтақтаудан гөрі, дүрмекке ілесіп, алға
қарай ұмсына берсек керек.» [11]
Translation: «Gaukhar, I have made a discovery. Life
is a river. And you and I have sailed this river for ten
years. Everything was fine. We worked, had children, the
children grew up. We embraced our joys and came through
misfortune. We were like everybody else.» [19]
Source text: «Әйтсе де, жолаушының оқта-текте
бір тоқтап, өзі басып өткен өмір жолдарының кедір-
бұдырына көз қырын тастап қойғаны да зиян емес пе
деп қалдым. Өйткені кешегі кемшілік ертеңге сабақ
қой. Міне, біздер он жылдан бері бір мәрте де жүз шай-
ыспай, әй-шәй деспей, тату-тәтті өмір сүріп келдік.
Адам, сірә, бұл өмірдің қызығына тойған ба?! Деген-
мен, өзіңмен жақсылы-жаманды бірге өзткізген азды-
көпті күндеріме мен өле-өлгенше ризамын. » [11]
Translation: «But the river of life keeps on flowing.
It’s always flowing. And you, Gaukhar, dwelt on its final
destination: where it’s carrying us on its mighty waves. To
be honest, I never thought about that. We’re on it together
– that’s good enough for me. Like everyone else. Like
thousands, millions of people. After all, travelers crossing
the steppe, sometimes climb to the top of a hill and look
around , to see where the road has led them, how much is
behind them and what’s left to be covered. The same with
us, those of us sailing through the river of life –we should
sometimes look back and then, carefully, forward, since a
person is not just a piece of wood that doesn’t care where
the river takes it.» [19]
Source text:«Гауһар!Сені тура бүгінгідей ешқашанда
аңсап, сабыр суым сарқыла күтпеген едім.Мүмкін, бұл
әдеттегі үйреншікті сағыныш емес, өзіме де беймәлім
басқа бір сезім шығар.Кейде адамда мұндай да бола-
ды екен-ау. Өзіңді кеше ғана көрдім.Ал,бүгін сағынып
қалдым.Жәудіреген мөлдір жанарыңды да, сүйріктей
аққу мойныңды да, үлпілдеген көмір қара шашыңды
да, қас қағымда жанымды баурап әкететін сүйкімді
наз-қылығыңды да аңсадым.» [12]
Translation: «Gaukhar! Never before did I long to see
you as much as I do now. I miss the warmth in your eyes,
your white, swan-like neck and your ebony hair.I grieve
without you. Your image has forever captured me. And
now it plays with my emotions, carrying me away like a
fiery whirlwind.» [20]
To sum up the above said, it is necessary to stress the
importance of the translator’s background knowledge.
That is, profound knowledge of history, culture, mode of
life of the country, the language of which he studies and is
supposed to know for being a good translator.Translating
process reveals double pragmatic orientation. On one hand,
it is realized within inner lingual communication and thus
being oriented to the original. On the other hand, translation
is a concrete speech act which is pragmatically oriented
to a certain recipient. Pragmatic task of the translation
aims at ensuring maximal equivalency with the original.
Pragmatic aspect of the translation is very important
especially in translation of nationally-biased units of
lexicon.In conclusion, one should know that it is important
to note that each nation has its own cultural vision of the
world and a cultural-historic way.In the linguocultural
Достарыңызбен бөлісу: