particularly centred on Shaftesbury Avenue. A prolific composer of musical

to Broadway in New York and around the world as well as being turned into 
films. Lloyd Webber has worked with producer Sir Cameron Mackintosh, 
lyricist Sir Tim Rice, actress and singer Sarah Brightman, while his musicals 
originally starred Elaine Paige, who with continued success has become 
known as the First Lady of British Musical Theatre.
The Royal Shakespeare Company operates out of Stratford-upon-Avon, 
producing mainly but not exclusively Shakespeare's plays.
Important modern 
playwrights include Nobel laureate Harold Pinter, Tom Stoppard, Alan 
Ayckbourn, John Osborne, Michael Frayn and Arnold Wesker. 
Music
 
While the British national anthem "God Save the Queen" and other 
patriotic songs such as "Rule, Britannia!" represent the United Kingdom, each 
of the four individual countries of the UK also has their own patriotic 
hymns. Edward Elgar's "Land of Hope and Glory", and Hubert Parry's 
"Jerusalem" set to William Blake's poem 
And did those feet in ancient time
, 
are among England's most patriotic hymns. Scottish patriotic songs include 
"Flower of Scotland", "Scotland the Brave" and "Scots Wha Hae"; patriotic 
Welsh hymns include "Bread of Heaven", set to the tune "Cwm Rhondda", 
and "Land of My Fathers"; the latter is the national anthem of Wales. The 
patriotic Northern Irish ballad 
Danny Boy
 is set to the tune "Londonderry 
Air". The traditional marching song, "The British Grenadiers", is often 
performed by British Army bands, and is played at the Trooping the 
Colour. Written by British Army bandmaster F. J. Ricketts, the "Colonel 
Bogey March" is often whistled, becoming part of British way of life during 
World War II. George Frideric Handel composed 
Zadok the Priest
 in 1727 for 
the coronation of George II, which has been performed at every 
subsequent British coronation, traditionally performed during the sovereign's 
anointing. Jeremiah Clarke's "Trumpet Voluntary" is popular for wedding 
music, and has featured in royal weddings.

119 
Other notable British composers: Henry Purcell, Ralph Vaughan 
Williams, Benjamin 
Britten, Gustav 
Holst, William 
Byrd, Thomas 
Tallis, Henry Wood, John Taverner, John Blow,Arthur Sullivan, William 
Walton, John 
Stafford 
Smith, Henry 
Bishop, Ivor 
Novello, Malcolm 
Arnold, Michael Tippett and John Barry have made major contributions to 
British music, and are known internationally. Living composers include Sir 
George 
Martin, Harrison 
Birtwistle, Andrew 
Lloyd 
Webber, Oliver 
Knussen, Harry Gregson Williams, Mike Oldfield, John Rutter, James 
MacMillan, Joby Talbot, John Powell, David Arnold, Anne Dudley, Trevor 
Horn, John Murphy, Henry Jackman, Brian Eno, Clint Mansell, Craig 
Armstrong and Michael Nyman. 
The traditional folk music of England has contributed to several genres, 
such as sea shanties, jigs, hornpipes and dance music. It has its own distinct 
variations and regional peculiarities. Wynkyn de Worde's printed ballads of 
Robin Hood from the 16th century are an important artefact, as are John 
Playford's 

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