Е. С. Закирова, П. А. Красавин Английский язык для технических вузов
suitable heading given below for each paragraph
жүктеу/скачать 4,38 Mb. Pdf көрінісі
|
T A Karpova Anglysky dlya tekhnicheskikh vuzov (1)
- Бұл бет үшін навигация:
- VEHICLE CATEGORIES
| suitable heading given below for each paragraph.
1) Trailers and Semi-trailers 2) Off-road Vehicles 3) Passenger Vehicles 4) Classification of Vehicles 5) Non-road Mobile Machinery 6) Vehicles for the Carriage of Goods 7) Special Purpose Vehicles 8) Tractors VEHICLE CATEGORIES On the 30th of November, 2011 at the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicles, the Inland Transport Committee of Economic Commission for Europe adopted ‘Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles’. One of the units of the resolution is devoted to the classification of power- driven vehicles and trailers. Vehicle categories are defined according to the following classification: motor vehicles with at least four wheels designed and constructed for the carriage of passengers (category ‘M’); motor vehicles with at least four wheels designed and constructed for the carriage of goods (cat- egory ‘N’); trailers (category ‘O’); special purpose vehicles; agricultural and forestry tractors (category ‘T’); non-road mobile machinery; off-road vehicles (category ‘G’). 181 There are numerous types of passenger vehicles: light passenger vehicles (motor cars or cars), people carriers or mini-buses, buses (omnibuses), coach- es, etc. They may be classified according to the types of chassis frame, engine, fuel, as well as the purpose for which they are used. Motor vehicles for the carriage of goods include light commercial vehicles (also light goods vehicle) and large goods vehicles, LGV (also heavy goods ve- hicle, HGV). ‘A large goods vehicle’ is the European Union (EU) term for any truck (lorry) with mass over 3.5 tonnes. Trucks vary greatly in size, power and configuration. Light commercial vehicles with mass not more than 3.5 tonnes are called light vans. When a vehicle is required for the transportation of bulky equipment, a pickup would be often desirable. Trailers and semi-trailers are any non-self propelled vehicles. It is required that they should be towed by power-driven vehicles. Special purpose vehicles embrace the vehicles of categories ‘M’, ‘N’ or ‘O’ for the carriage of passengers or goods and for performing special functions with special body arrangement and equipment. They include motor caravans, armoured vehicles, ambulances, etc. Agricultural and forestry tractors are power-driven vehicles, either wheeled or caterpillar tracks, which are designed to pull, push, carry or actuate certain tools, machines or trailers. The term ‘non-road mobile machinery’ means any mobile machine, transportable industrial equipment or vehicle with or without body not in- tended for the use of passenger- or goods- transport on the road, in which the internal combustion engine is installed. Non-road mobile machinery embraces earthmoving machinery, such as scrapers, bulldozers, graders, ex- cavators, etc. Off-road vehicles are considered to be any types of vehicles which are ca- pable of driving on and off paved or gravel surface. They are generally char- acterized by having large tyres with deep open treads, a flexible suspension, or even caterpillar tracks. They have a versatile application, e.g. several types of motorsports involve racing off-road vehicles. жүктеу/скачать 4,38 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
|