Key-words: realities, lingvo-cultural aspect, translation strategies, concept, bilingual perso.
In our modern life, a rapid development of new technologies and widespread use of Internet has made
people and young learners addicted to it, they even can not imagine their life without their smartphones. As a
result, we have less readable society and the role of books has been replaced. Thus, young people prefer to
watch films instead of reading thick and boring books.
That is why the novel of M.Auezov and its translation has drawn my attention. Translation of realities
which is an inseparable part of any language is also a daunting task. Dialogues in the book are sometimes
replete with realities and require careful attention to be translated as thousands of novels are ranslated
subtitledby various translators throughout the world and different strategies for translating realities are adopted
by them. The term "cultural linguistics" appeared in the 90s of the 20
th
century in the works of Russian linguists
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N. D. Arutunova, V. V. Vorobyov, V. A. Maslova, Yu. S. Stepanov, V. N. Telia and other researchers, which
was an important sign of integrative processes in Russian humanitarian science. According to V. I. Karasik,
linguistic Culturology is a "complex area of scientific knowledge about the relationship and mutual influence
of language and culture" [1, p. 87]. A. T. Khrolenko believes that cultural linguistics is focused on the
identification of the links between language, ethnic mentality and culture, with any of the three phenomena
can be the starting point of the analysis, "the choice depends on the professional orientation of the researcher"
[2, p. 28]. As one of the major problems of cultural linguistics should address the issue of the establishment of
the corps, composition, fundamental national–cultural concepts. This problem is interdisciplinary as it includes
not only linguistic aspects but also cultural in the broad sense of the word, as well as aspects of ethnology and
ethno-psychology, which considers to be relevant for our time, the concept of national/ethnic identity, national
character and mentality, and their role in intercultural interaction [3,p.48]. On the other hand, the concepts of
national culture constitute the object of linguo-culturology.
One of the most controversial issues in studies of cultural concepts, of course, is the question: what is
reality, what is the concept and what the corresponding word can be considered as a concept of national
culture? Another important question: what is the number of marked national cultural concepts in language, in
our case, in the Russian language, and can we suppose that the list is limited? Most contemporary researchers
in this field agree that the list of cultural concepts and the sum is confidential. However, the quantitative
composition of the national-cultural concepts diverge significantly: from three to several hundred units
[4,p.56].
Culture as "the totality of specific human activity and its results" [5, p. 22] is in a circle depends on the
language, is defined by him and affects him.
The importance of linguistic and cultural aspects is connected with the trend of updating the educational
system, with increased attention to the study of foreign languages. In recent years, the trend is not a simple
learning of grammatical rules and laws of the foreign language, and the development of communicative skills,
i.e. language acquisition as a means of communication. Hence the importance of introducing Russian students
to the material and spiritual culture of another people, its customs and traditions. Linguocultural aspect of the
content of learning a foreign language in high school should include speech etiquette, Kazakh words-realities,
national-cultural components of language units. Word are the realities that cover the national-cultural layer of
the Kazakh vocabulary, i.e. words, phrases, calling the real objects of Kazakh life; these are words and
expressions that contain national-cultural component and denoting objects and phenomena of the Kazakh
home, Kazakh folklore, religious concepts, holidays. All of this requires the consistent application of the
vocabulary and sound system of gradual introduction of such words and expressions in the learning process.
Furthermore, linguistic and cultural material in the classroom language in the Kazakh-speaking audience for
the monuments of architecture and culture, which reflect the national characteristics of the people, as well as
anthropological, ethnographic and other materials.
If the native language and culture are the basis of socialization encountered in the process of intercultural
communication within a single ethno-social community, the knowledge of another language and culture of the
people - his native speaker opens the possibility of intercultural dialogue and formation in the process of this
communication bilingual linguistic personality. Language acts as a translator of cultural information and the
person who creates this culture, using language. [6, p. 80]
Book of M. O. Auezov "Abai's Way"is primarily a historical novel, the central figure of which is
Abay/Ibrahim/Kunanbayev /1945-1904, the founder of Kazakh written literature.
A big cognitive value of this novel is that M. Auezov not only described the way of life of Abay, a great
poet and enlightener, but heartfelt and showed his epoch, life and customs of Kazakh people, knew no more
of settlement, and who lived in a Patriarchal – tribal system. Life content, philosophical ideas, human
relationships expressed in this book have been so effective, that M. Auezov, the original national writer-his
epic pushed the boundaries of native literature. His work as a masterpiece of national literature, has enriched
the Treasury of world literature.
French writer Louis Aragon, the translator of the works of M. Auezov in the French language, wrote that
epic novel "Abai"in his view" is one of the highest work of the twentieth century , "it introduces into the world
of imagination and thoughts, giving rise to many deep meditation".. [7, p. 38] The novel of M. O. Auezov
"Abai" was the first work of Kazakh literature, translated for European readers, and translated it for the first
time in France, Louis Aragon.
"Space" wrote about this: "Sensation,which caused a great epic, which immediately took its place among
the significant works of world literature,was indescribable.The novel "Abai"was immediately translated into
several Western and Eastern languages, it is warmly supported by many foreign critics of different directions.
The world learned that in socialist Kazakhstan exists and develops real big modern literature." [8, p. 19].
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Literary critics and masters of literary translation note that the ethnicity of a literary work often expressed
in national contexts. And the closer a work by its subject to people's life, and according to the statistics, the
folklore, the brighter is its national character [9, p.28].
A well-known Dutch linguist C. M. Uhlenbeck argued: "...knowledge of the language and the translation
language is not enough. The translator must know the culture of the people who speak these languages" [10,
p.21]. A necessary condition for a correct interpretation of reality is the recipients of the text or the translator
as mediator of communication of extra-linguistic knowledge.
Today one of the basic principles of translation of literary works is a cross-cultural approach, together with
communicative. It once again testifies in favor of the fact that the transfer of reality is impossible without
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