Методические указания по выполнению практических работ по дисциплине бд. 03 Иностранный (Английский) язык
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angl yaz mu pr bd.03 atm 2016
- Бұл бет үшін навигация:
- MODERN SIGNALLING
| Практическая работа № 19.
Тема: Характеристика профессиональных понятий по теме «Железнодорожная автоматизация. Индуктивная система управления.» Цель: формирования умения ознакомительного чтения и перевода текста профессиональной направленности. Перечень оснащения для проведения работы: тетрадь, письменные принадлежности, железнодорожный англо-русский словарь. Время выполнения: 90 минут. Алгоритм выполнения: прочитайте текст, поймите его основное содержание, устно переведите текст. Задание: составьте письменно словарь основных железнодорожных понятий. MODERN SIGNALLING Railway signalling was first introduced in Great Britain. Modern Railway signalling systems govern train operation to provide the safety of traffic. They also enable trains to be controlled in such a way that the greatest possible use is made of the existing tracks. The purpose of signalling is to give the driver accurate information regarding the state of the line ahead and to tell him which route he is to take and with what speed he is to move. Signals are provided for regulating the arrival and departure of trains from stations, yards for shunting operations, at road crossings and at points where a branch or a siding meets the main track. Modern railways use different signalling systems: colour light signals, electrical operation of signals and points, track-circuiting, route-setting panel control, automatic train operation, computer-based centralized traffic control (CTC), cab signalling — these are the basic elements of modern signalling. Colour-light signals are widely used for giving both day and night indications.Nowadays for signalling purposes, trains are operated automatically by means of «track circuits», first tried in the US in the 1880s. Low voltage current applied to the rails causes the signal via a series of relays (originally) or electronics (recently) to show a «proceed» aspect. The current flow is interrupted by the presence of the wheels of a train. Such interruption causes the signal protecting that section to show a «stop» command. A «proceed» signal will only be displayed if the current flows. The system is sometimes referred to as «fail safe» or «vital». The method of operating railway lines by CTC was used in the USA in 1927. The principle of it is that at the central point the operator sitting in front of the panel can control the whole line with the help of the diagram showing him where every train is. On September 30, 2004 Kowloon–Canton Railway Corporation put into operation a fully integrated control and communications system (ICCS), as a part of the upgrading of its 34 km East Rail corridor from Kowloon to Lo Wu. With traffic on this two-track railway forecast to exceed 1 million passengers per day by 2006, KCRC decided to resignal the line and fit automatic train protection to raise capacity from 20 to 30 trains/h in each direction. Four contracts were to cover the signaling, a new control centre, track and catenary upgrading and a major track reconstruction at Pak Shek Kok. The main control centre at KCRC’s Fo Tan headquarters controls the line via a wide area optical fibre network linking 13 stations. ICCS functions include: - automatic route setting; - automatic dispatching and regulation; - electric and traction power control; - general and secure telephone links; - general and train radio links; - automatic and manual passenger information displays and public address; - headway clock control; - power plant monitoring; - CCTV monitoring of level crossings. All of these are handled by a common screen-based operator interface. The system architecture guarantees an availability of 99-99.8%. The workstations are based on easily upgradeable PC hardware running a reliable Unix operating system and Unix-based software. All workstations are identical, with access controlled by user. Train control zones are selectable for each operator. Telephone and radio calls are automatically routed to operators with the selected control zones. The 80 km Fibre Distributed Data Interface optical fibre network uses reliable industrial standard, DC-powered, three-port concentrators. Station Information Workstations at all locations provide the same real time displays and system response times as seen by the controllers in the control center. Passenger Display Units feature two-line back-to-back high brightness LED displays which show both Chinese and English messages. Extensive system-wide built-in diagnostic displays are matched with tools that allow remote diagnosis and error finding from the control centre. Отчет о проделанной работе: прочитан и устно переведен текст; составлен словарь ж/д понятий. жүктеу/скачать 159,82 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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