rayon. The climate is referred to as a local steppe climate [14].
134
Narxoz Student Research-2021
In Soviet times, the city was a center of the phosphorite mining
industry with total population about 55,000 people. After the collapse
of the USSR as many single-industry towns Karatau fell into decline.
Industries were closed, residential buildings were abandoned and
destroyed. With the implementation of the development program
for the small cities, the population gradually returned to the city
and at the beginning of 2019 the city population reached 27,667
people.
The rapid development of the country’s water supply systems took
place between the 1960s and 1990s. From 1993 to 2002, repair and
rehabilitation of water infrastructure was carried out in a very limited
amount because of budget constraints.
The deteriorating water supply has had a negative impact on the
economic activity of small cities, on the health of the population, and
has created additional pressure for the poor population’s segment.
Low tariff s and weak payment for services from the water users made
communal industry unattractive for investments and private business.
Thus, the degree of deterioration of water supply systems reached 65-
70%. Due to the high depreciation of fi xed assets, the total losses of
water in 2009 amounted to 30%. Water supply became intermittent.
It further accelerated the wear of the network due to the “hydraulic
impact” created by interruptions in water supply, as well as the
deterioration of water quality due to infi ltration of contaminated ground
water into the system. The under-performed public infrastructure has
resulted in declining living standards and an aggravation of the social
situation.
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