I. Give Kazakh equivalents of the following phrases:
To exercise a great stylistic authority; pictorial style; to determine
one’s mode of life; a realistic painter; an explicit vision of the
historical past; to ascend the throne; to take revenge; the persecution
of the ‘old believers’; during the reign of; to pay homage to smb;
indomitable inflexibility; the fresco-like style; monumental paintings;
colour rules in the picture; to exert a great influence on.
UNIT 25
VASSILY VERESHCHAGIN (1842-1904)
Vassily Vereshchagin was the most accomplished Russian 19th
centuiy battle painter. The son of a landlord, he was educated in the cadet
corps in St. Peterburg. In 1858-59 Vereshchagin was a navan officer, and
on the frigate Kamchatka and other vessels he sailed to Denmark, France
and Egypt.
In 1860 having abandoned his naval officer career, Vereshchagin
entered the St.peterburg Academy of Arts. But dissatisfied with the
conservatism and idealistic conventions of the academic system, he left the
Academic teaching and later formed the Wanderers always elicited
Vereshchagin’s sympathy. He participated in some of their exhibitions.
In 1864 when in Paris, Vereshchagin was infuenced by Jean - Leon
Geromes’s historikal paintigs and his effective handling of details.
Vereshchagin made frequent trips across Russia and to Western
Europe. He also visited Syria and Palestine (1884), the USA (1888-9 and
1902), the Philippines (1901), Cuba(1902), and Japan (1903). He took part
in the military actions of the Russian army and was wounded in 1878-9 in
the Russo-Turkish war.
The artist made numerous studies from life. Romantic thoughtfulness
147
and pleasure in the beauty of the world are characteristic of his landscapes
and genre scenes. But in his battle paintings he adhered to the tradition of
Critical Realism. Vereshchagin depicted war not as a romantic adventure,
but as a tragic error. His battle paintings are famous for their monumental
pathos and passionate pacifism.
The best-known work of Vereshchagin’s Turkish series (1869-73) is
the Apotheosis of War (1870-71). It shows a pile of skulls againts the
devastated city. On the frame there is an inscription: “Dedicated to all great
conqueror: past, present, future”. Thesubject o f the painting,
distinguished
for anti-war symbolism, was repeated numerously in the 20th centure anti
war poster.
After his trips to India (1874-6, 1882) Vereshchagin made Indian
series which depicted the colonial expansion of the English. In 1878-80 the
painter created the Balkan series, devoted the Russo-Turkish war. The
painting Conquered: Funeral (1878) greatly impressed his
contemporaries.
Vereshchagin’s anti-Napoleonic series were very popular. The huge
paintings of his series are not entirely free from the theatrical effects and
the pomposity, but certain images are memorable because of their
dramatism.
During the 1880s Vereshchagin frequently returned to an evangelical
theme, depicted with realism, which is characteristic of all his work.
From 1870 to 1890 exhibitions of Vereshchagin’s work travelled
through Europe and the USA. By the turn of the centry he became the most
popular Russian artist abroad.
Vereshchagin was killed in the Russo-Japanese war zone in an
exposition on the battleship Patropavlovsk.
I.Give Kazakh equivalents o f following phrases:
The cadet corps; a naval officer; to abandon the career; conventions
of the academic system; historical painting; effective handing of
details, to take part in the military actions; landscape; battle painting;
to be adhere to; an anti-war poster; to prevail in; a
m o v e m e n t
of
solidarity with; images are memorable; in an ambush; an
evangelical
theme; to appeal for pacifism;
148
UNIT 26.
MIKHAIL VRUBEL’ (1856-1910)
Mikhail VrubeF was a pioneer of Modernism in Russian art. His
extremely imnovative technique broke with the tradition of the Academy
of Arts, St. Peterburg, where he was a brilliant student. At the same time he
felt dissociated from the social ideals of the Wanderers. He remained a
loney figure in Russian art. He did not tiy to achieve monumentality which
was the aim of most of the painters.
Vrubel’ was an infant prodigy. He was fond of music and drawing.
The year of his graduation from St. Peterburg University in 1880, Vrubel
entered the Academy of Arts. His talent was esteemed by Valentine Serov
and his creative method was developed under the influence of Pavel
Chistyakov.
In Kiev in the 12-th century church of St. Cyril Vrubel’ not only
created his masterpieces of the religious painting, but worked out his style.
In the Byzantine mosaics of St. Sofia in Kiev he found the same divided
colours and surfaces that fascinated him in St. Peterburg.
In 1889 Vrubel’ moved to Moscow, where the range of his activity
windened due to the backing of Savva Mamontov, the patron of Russian
art. Vrubel’s stage designs for Mamontov’s private operas were centar in
his work.
Vrubel’s monumental style was ideally suited to wall decoration for
a new Art Nouveau parlours in Moscow. He produced Venice, Spain, the
tripych Judgement of Paris for the house of E.D. Dunker in 1903-4.
I. Give Kazakh equivalents of the following phrases:
A pioneer of modernism; an extremely innovative technique; to break with
the tradition of Academy of Arts; the social ideals of the Wanderers; a
lonely figure in Russian art; to achieve monumentality; to esteem the
talent; a creative method; religious paintings; the Byzantine mosaics;
divided colours; the patron of Russian art; to create masterpieces,
monumental style.
149
ALEKSEY SAVRASOV (1830-1897)
Aleksey Kondrat’yevich Savratov, an outstanding Russian painter,
was born and died in Moscow. Savrasov entered the School of Painting,
Sculpture and Architecture in Moscow in 1844 where he studied up to
1854 and taught there from 1857 to 1882. He showed his two works at the
first exhibibition of the Wandere rs. He showed with Ivan Shishkin,
Mikhail Klodt and Fyodor Vassil’yev established a patricular Russian
school of landscape painting. By 1870 the Savratov’s style had developed
from a Romantic and somewhat artificial manner, as seen in the Losiny
Island in Sokol’niki, of 1869, into a simple, more serene treatment of
typical scenery. Full of light sadness, this painting became one of the most
popular landscapes in the Russian tradition. It is perceived as a king of icon
of nature. Savrasov’s later philosophical scenes of lakes, rivers and country
roads seen under the iimnence sky against the landscape expanse as in the
Country Road, of 1873, had a great impact on a number of Russian
landscape painters notably Konstantin Korovin and Isaac Levitan.
LGive kazakh equivalents of the following phrases:
An outstanding Russian painter; the School of Painting, Sculpture and
Architecture; the founder-members of the Wanderers; a Russian
school of landscape painting; an artificial manner; a serene treatment
of typical scenery; at the first Wanderers exhibition; win instant
acclaim, the unpretentious beauty of the countryside; the first signs of
spring, a sort of icon of nature; philosophically charged scenes; to
have a great influence on.
UNIT 27.
ISO
Әдебиеттер.
1. М.Кумарова. “New Business English”. Мәскеу. 1997 ж.
2. Е.В. Синявская. Э.С. Улановская . О.И. Тынкова. « Ағылшын тілі».
Мәскеу. «Жогары мектеп» 1990 ж.
3. А.П. Миньяр- Белоручева. «Орыс өнері» Мэскеу. 2000 ж.
4. В.А. Шляхова. Т.Д. Любимова. « Ағьшшын тілі».
Мэскеу.
«Жоғары мектеп». 2000ж.
5. Кисметова Г.Н. «Агылшын тілі: экономика мамандықтарына
арналған». Орал. КазИИТУ. 2002 ж.
6. Голицинский. «Агылшын тілінен жаттыгулар жинагы» Мэскеу.
«Жогары мектеп». 1989 ж.
151
М А ЗМ Ұ Н Ы :
Бет.
Морфология...............................................................................................
3
Синтаксис..................................................................................................
46
Таблицалар...............................................................................................
61
Жаттығулар............................................................................................. 77
Текстілер................................................................................................
104
Әдебиеттер............................................................................................. ^ 7
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