Part II.
The Gerund
The gerund developed from the verbal noun, which in course of time became verbalized preserving at the same time its nominal character. The gerund is formed by adding the suffix -ing to the stem of the verb, and coincides in form with Participle I. The gerund can be preceded by a preposition. Like a noun the gerund can be modified by a noun in the possessive case or by a possessive pronoun. The gerund can be modified by an adverb.
The Forms of the Gerund
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Active
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Passive
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Indefinite
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writing
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being written
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Perfect
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having written
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having been written
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Note 1: It is to be observed that after the verbs to want, to need, to deserve, to require and the adjective worth the gerund is used in the active form, though it is passive in meaning.
"The slums want attending to, no doubt," he said.
He realized that his room needed painting.
The child deserves praising.
They were not worth saving.
Note 2: After the verbs to remember, to excuse, to forgive, to thank and after the prepositions on (upon), after and without we find Indefinite Gerund. Perfect Gerund is not used in this case.
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