Упражнения, задания: ключи к учебнику
"Практический курс английского языка 2
курс" Аракина В.Д. Татищева Е.С. Владос
2005 ВУЗ: Иностранные языки
Распознавание с формата .gpg и корректировка выполненны Дилетто С.А .
Просмотр данной книги разрешен исключительно в ознакомительных целях, все права принадлежат владельцу
Во многих случаях переводы как с русского языка на английский, так и с
английского на русский даны в нескольких возможных вариантах. Оно будет
полезно всем, изучающим английский язык. В пособии представлены ключи ко
всем упражнениям учебника, кроме творческих заданий. Пособие
предназначено для студентов и преподавателей филологических факультетов.
ESSENTIAL COURSE
UNIT ONE
Ex. I, p. 8
1. If the boy were hungry, I would/should give him somethin to eat. 2. If the
supper were ready, we should/would sit down t table. 3. If I got a good mark for my
composition, I would/shoul be happy. 4. If Mary had more free time, she would read
more 5. If the weather changed, we would/should go boating. 6. If had no
opportunity to see him, I would/should be very sorry. 7. I it didn't rain, I
wouldn't/shouldn't have to take my umbrella with me. 8. If she finished everything
on Friday, she wouldn't have t work on Saturday. 9. If you caught a cold, you would
have to sta at home. 10. If the child didn't do what I told him, I would/shoul have to
punish him.
Ex. III, p. 9
l.The students liked the idea of working in the lab twice week. 2. We liked the
idea of visiting our sick friend. 3. Th children liked the idea of going on an
excursion. 4. We didn' like the idea of staying indoors all day long. 5. Don't you like
th idea of going to the theatre tonight? 6. All of us liked the idea о arranging a party
at our University. 8. We liked the idea of goin to the cinema after the lessons.
Ex. IV, p. 9
1. If I weren't tired, I would walk about/around (go an look about/around) the
city. 2. We wouldn't go to this performance tomorrow if it weren't the first night. 3.
If I didn't live so far, I would visit you more often. 4. If he spoke louder, the
audience would listen to him with more interest. 5. If she had a bad memory, she
wouldn't be able to memorize so many figures at a time. 6 . I would like the idea of
going to the Crimea/ I wouldn't mind going to the Crimea if it weren't so hot there
now. 7. We all liked his idea of meeting at the beginning of the academic year.
Ex. III, p. 19
a)
grow — grew, grown
creep — crept, crept — ползти, тайком пробираться
bear — bore, born — терпеть, выносить
break — broke, broken
keep — kept, kept
think — thought, thought
leap — leapt, leapt [lept]/leaped, leaped — прыгать
mean — meant, meant [ment]
fall - fell, fallen
find — found, found
feel — felt, felt
say — said, said
cling — clung, clung — прижиматься
hear — heard, heard
meet — met,-met
run — ran, run
show — showed, shown
b) differ — differed, differing prefer — preferred, preferring murmur —
murmured, murmuring appear — appeared, appearing occur — occurred, occurring
recover — recovered, recovering remember — remember, remembering chatter —
chattered, chattering — болтать, вести пустой разговор; трещать, тараторить;
стучать refer — referred, referring stir — stirred, stirring water — watered,
watering — 1. поливать; 2. слезиться fear — feared, fearing offer — offered,
offering drag — dragged, dragging — тащить (волоком), волочить wag —
wagged, wagging — вилять ( хвостом) plan — planned, planning chat — chatted,
chatting — болтать, непринужденно беседовать, говорить о том о сем slip —
slipped, slipping beg — begged, begging
Ex.4, p.20
dependence
acceptance
independence
resemblance
difference
attendance
indiffirence
performance
existence
insistence
occurence
Ex. V, p. 20
The suffixes-ed and -y are used to form adjectives.
a) Freckled is derived from freckle and means веснушчатый Nosed is derived from
nose and means носатый. It is also widely used in compounds: long-nosed —
длинноносый; snub-nosed — курносый; aquiline-nosed — имеющий нос с
горбинкой hook-nosed — крючконосый; rednosed — красноносый: hard nosed
— (US ) сугубо практичный, реалистичный, etc.).
Haired is derived from hair and means волосатый, покрытый волосами. It is
widely used in compounds meaning имеющий такие-то волосы: long-haired —
длинноволосый; dark haired — темноволосый; fair-haired — светловолосый, red
haired — рыжий, etc.
Winged is derived from wing and means крылатый, имеющий крылья (winged
words — крылатые слова). It can be use to form compounds: white-winged —
белокрылый, etc.
Horned is derived from horn and means рогатый. It can also be used to form
compounds: long-horned — длиннорогий, etc.
Bearded is derived from beard and means бородатый. It cai be used to form
compounds too: black-bearded — чернобородый, etc.
Feathered isderived from feather and means пернатый, one ренный,
украшенный перьями. It can also be part of compounds: long-feathered, bright-
feathered, etc.
b) watery (water) — 1. водянистый; 2. бледный, бесцветный; 3. слезящийся
skinny (skin) — тощий, «кожа да кости* grassy (grass) — травянистый,
поросший травой silky (silk) — шелковистый bony (bone) — костлявый,
костистый branchy (branch) — ветвистый
wavy (wave) — волнистый
stony (stone) — 1. каменистый; 2. каменный, безжалостный, холодный (stony
heart — каменное сердце)
Ex. VIII, p. 21
Uiconvenient, inconvenience; discomfort, uncomfortable; independent,
independence; indifferent, indifference; unable, uncapable; unimportant;
inexperienced/unexperienced; disobedient; misunderstanding (недоразумение);
dishonesty
Ex. IXa, p. 21
Can you remember your first day at school? It was probably rather confusing. I am
sure you ran after your mother thinking the was deserting you.When the child goes to
school on his first day. he has to watch his mother leaving. The teacher must
convince him that at the end of the day his mother and home will still be there. It is
difficult to make the newcomer join in a game or a walk. A new life, completely
different from what he is used to begins.
The mothers are as upset as their children. They hang on with their eyes fixed on
their children and dislike leaving them to their fate.
The best way to deal with the situation is to get the child used to the idea of
school, to help him in every way. Much depends on the parents. At the beginning of
the term the mother should take her child to see the teacher and to look
about/around/round the school. The first day should be something to look forward to
and not to be feared.
Ex. X, p. 22
1 . I looked (up, down) at the opposite house but saw no lights In its windows. —
Я посмотрел (вверх, вниз) на дом напротив, но не увидел в его окнах ни
единого огонька.
Не looked at me but didn't recognize me. — Он посмотрел на меня, но не узнал.
He stared at me as if I had asked him to do something Impossible. — Он
уставился на меня так, словно я попросил его совершить что-то невыполнимое.
Не stared at the fire, deep in thought. — Погруженный в свои мысли, он
безучастно смотрел на огонь.
He's very fond of this picture, he can gaze at it for hours. — Он очень любит эту
картину и может смотреть на нее часами.
The lovers stood with their hands clasped, gazing into each other's eyes. —
Влюбленные стояли, взявшись за руки и глядя в глаза друг друга.
I looked about but saw no people anywhere. — Я огляделся но нигде не
увидел ни одного человека.
Look ahead I — Смотри вперед!
Look out! — Берегись!/Осторожно!
Look through those documents, please. — Просмотри, nожалуйста, те
документы.
I'll look after the child. — Я присмотрю за ребенком.
Don't forget to look after the flowers when I'm away. — Hе забывай
ухаживать за цветами, пока я буду в отъезде.
I've been looking for you since the very morning. — Я paзыскиваю тебя с
самого утра.
John looked forward to seeing Mario and his wife. — Джон предвкушал
встречу/с нетерпением ожидал встречи с Марио и его женой.
Students always look forward to their holidays. — Студенты всегда с
нетерпением ждут каникул.
Look here, would't it be better to stay indoors in such nasty weather? —
Послушай, может, в такую мерзкую погоду лучше посидеть дома?
Не looks sad. — У него печальный вид.
The child looks ill/well. — Ребенок выглядит больным/здоровым.
She looks like a real teacher. — Она похожа на настоящую учительницу.
It looks like rain. — Похоже, будет дождь./Кажется, дождь собирается.
Note: ___________________________________________________________
Не looks young for his age. — Он выглядит молодо для своих лет.
She looks beautiful in this dress. — В этом платье она выглядит красавицей.
She looks a child. — Она выглядит ребенком.
She seems (to be) clever. — Она кажется умной./Похоже, она умна.
This village seems (to be) quite small now. — Теперь эта деревушка кажется
совсем маленькой.
______________________________________________________________
Не seems (to be) well educated. — Похоже, он хорошо образован.
There was something strange in his look. — В его взгляде было что-то
странное.
Lanny returned the man's stare but didn't utter a word. — Ленни ответил ему
таким же пристальным взглядом, но не произнес ни слова.
The girl blushed when she noticed the stranger's fixed gaze. — Заметив
пристальный взгляд незнакомца, девушка покраснела.
Have a look at this photo, do you recognize the man? — Посмотрите на
фотографию: вы узнаете этого человека?
Note: ______________________________________________________________
I don't know his point of view on/views on/ idea(s) of /opinion of this subject. —
Мне неизвестна(-ы) его точка зрения /взгляды|/мнение по этому вопросу.
A look of pleasure came to her face. — На ее лице появилось довольное
выражение.
There was an angry look in her eyes. — В ее глазах читался гнев.
________________________________________________________________
2. The two brothers differ in their tastes. — У этих двух братьев разные
вкусы.
His plan differs from all the others. — Его план отличается от всех остальных.
I differ from/with you in this matter. — По этому вопросу я с вами не
согласен.
Не is quite different from what I thought him to be. — Он совсем не такой, как
я думал.
I want a different kind of book this time. — На этот раз мне бы хотелось книгу
другого рода.
But: I prefer books of a different kind. — Я предпочитаю книги другого рода.
Our views on life are different. — У нас разные взгляды на жизнь.
Our tastes are alike. — Наши вкусы похожи. A department store sells many
different things. — В универмагах продается множество различных товаров.
Every day our students get different written assignments. — Каждый день наши
студенты получают различные, письменные задания.
The difference between our views is not very great. — Различие между нашими
взглядами не так уж и велико.
I don't find much difference in the styles of these writers. — Я не вижу большой
разницы в стилях этих писателей.
It won't make much difference whether we do it today or tomorrow. — Сегодня
мы это сделаем или завтра — разница небольшая.
You may stay or leave, it makes no difference to me. — Хочешь, оставайся,
хочешь, уезжай — мне все равно.
3. Не rested for an hour before going on with his work. — Перед тем как
продолжить работу, он часок отдохнул.
She likes to rest after dinner. — Она любит полежать /спокойно отдохнуть
после обеда.
They stopped to rest their horses. — Они остановились, чтобы дать отдых
лошадям.
The roof rests on eight columns. — Крыша опирается на восемь колонн.
There is always a cloud resting at the top of this mountain. — Вершина этой
горы всегда окутана облаком.
Her fingers touched his forehead and rested there. — Она приложила пальцы к
его лбу./Ее пальцы коснулись его лба и задержались там.
She sat with her elbows resting on the table. — Она сидела, положив локти на
стол.
Rest is necessary after work. — После работы необходим отдых.
I had a good night's rest. — Ночью я хорошо спал.
We had several rests on our way up the mountains. — Поднимаясь в горы, мы
сделали несколько остановок, чтобы передохнуть.
4. Have you written all the exercises? — No, only half of them. The rest (of the
exercises) may be done orally. — Ты сделал все упражнения? — Нет, только
половину. Остальные можно сделать устно.
Only five of us were present at the lesson. The rest (of the group) went to the
meeting. — Только пятеро из нас присутствовали на уроке. Остальные пошли
на собрание./Остальная часть группы пошла на собрание.
I'll take an apple and you may take the rest. — Я возьму яблоко, а ты можешь
взять все остальное.
5. a comfortable chair, room, bed, house — удобный стул, уютная комната,
удобная кровать, уютный/удобный/комфортабельный дом
I'm sure, you'll be very comfortable there. — Уверен, там вам будет очень
удобно.
comfortable words — утешительные слова Mr. Murdoch made himself
comfortable in a chair and ordered n strong black coffee. — Мистер Мэрдок
устроился поудобнее на стуле и заказал крепкий черный кофе.
The news brought comfort to all of us. — Эта новость была для всех над
утешением.
Не was a great comfort to his parents. — Он очень поддерживал своих
родителей.
Note: _______________________________________________________________
convenient time, method tool, place — удобное(-ый) время, способ,
инструмент, место
Will this bus be convenient to/for you? — Этот автобус тебе подойдет?
Let's arrange a convenient time and place for the conference. — Давайте
договоримся об удобном месте и времени для проведения конференции.
_________________________________________________________________
at your earliest convenience — как только вы сможете; как можно скорее
(преим. офиц.)
The house has all modern conveniences. — В доме есть все удобства.
6. I ran all the way for fear of being late. — Я бежал всю дорогу, потому что
боялся опоздать.
As soon as we fired, the enemy ran. — Как только мы начали стрелять, враг
обратился в бегство.
Trams run on rails. — Трамваи ходят по рельсам.
Motor cars run along ordinary roads. — Легковые автомобили ездят по
обычным дорогам.
The buses run every five minutes. — Автобусы ходят/курсируют каждые пять
минут.
Torrents of water ran down the street. — По улице бежали потоки воды.
Rivers run into the sea. — Реки впадают в моря.
Don't you hear the water running in the kitchen? — Неужели ты не слышишь,
как в кухне льется из крана вода?
If you have a bad cold, your nose runs. — При сильной простуде течет из
носа.
For several miles the road ram across a plain. — Несколько миль дорога шла
по равнине.
Note:______________________________________________________________
The forest stretched to the south for many miles. — Jlec npoстирался на юг на
много миль.
___________________________________________________________________
So the story runs. — Так говорится в рассказе./Так рассказывают.
The story runs... — Рассказывают...
Our car ran into the bus. — Наша машина врезалась в автобус.
I ran into a friend of mine on my way home. — По дороге домой я случайно
встретился с другом.
The other day I ran across a very interesting article in the newspaper. — На
днях я натолкнулся в газете на очень интересную статью.
But for the skill of the driver the man would have been run over by the bus. —
Если бы не умелые действия водителя, он попал бы под колеса автобуса.
7. I couldn't join (together) the two halves of the vase, because a small piece
was missing. — Я не мог сложить две половинки вазы вместе, потому что не
хватало маленького кусочка.
Where do the two streams join (each other)? — Где сливаются эти два
потока?
Note:______________________________________________________________
The island was joined to the mainland with a bridge. — Ост- ров соединялся с
материком мостом.
We united all our forces to drive the enemy out of the country. — Мы
объединили все наши силы, чтобы изгнать врага с территории нашей страны.
Workers of the world, unite! — Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!
The United Nations Organization (UNO) was formed in 1945 in San Francisco.
— Организация Объединенных Наций была создана в Сан-Франциско в 1945
году.
_________________________________________________________________
Will you join me in my walk? — Ты не погуляешь со мной?
We'll join you in a few minutes. — Мы присоединимся к тебе через несколько
минут.
If I were you, I should join this club. — На твоем месте я иступил бы в члены
этого клуба.
Не wae twenty-two when he joined the army. — Ему было двадцать два года,
когда он пошел в армию.
8. We depend on newspapers for information about world events. — О том, что
происходит в мире, мы узнаем из газет.
Не depends on his sister for a living. — Он живет за счет своей сестры.
You can depend upon the man. — На этого человека можно положиться.
I depend on you to do it. — Я рассчитываю, что ты это сделаешь.
Can I depend on this time-table or is it an old one? — Этому расписанию
можно верить или оно устарело?
Will you finish your work on time? — It depends. — Ты закончишь работу в
назначенный срок? — Смотря по обстоятельствам./Как получится.
Ex. XI, р. 22
1. It's impolite to stare at people like that. 2. A big crowd stood on the pavement
staring at a broken car. 3. No wonder people stand gazing at this picture for hours:
it's beautiful. 4. The little boys stood staring at each other ready to start a fight. 5.
Look at her: again she is staring out of the window with that strange expression of
hers. 6. When I looked at her eyes, I guessed I hat she had cried. 7. The Greek myth
runs that Narcissus stared/ Hazed at his own reflection in the water until he fell in
love with it. 8. He stood gazing around as if he tried to impress on his memory
everything he saw.
Ex. XII, p. 22
a) 1. The weather seems quite warm though it's only 5 *C above zero. 2. The
children look tired, but they seem greatly please with the trip, don't they? 3. The
host and the hostess look a big old-fashioned, but they seem to be hospitable and
friendly. 4. She seems to be very light-minded, but she only looks it, in fact she is a
very serious and hard-working student. 5. My brother says that people usually look
what they are and I believe that people are very often quite different from what they
seem to be.
b) 1. The teacher tried to explain the rule in a different way and I understood it at
once. 2. The schoolboy returned the book he had read and asked for another book,
but of a different kind, he said, as he wanted to have a rest from detective stories. 3.
I asked for a pair of shoes of a different kind, but the shop-girl said that the rest of
the shoes were not my size.
c) 1. A small stream runs along the road. 2. These steppes stretch to the south for
miles and miles. 3. The path ran across the field for a mile and then was lost in the
forest. 4. No matter how hard I looked, I saw only a vast plain stretching before me.
5. The ugly scar ran right across the man's left cheek. 6. For how many kilometres
does this forest stretch?
d) 1. I like to sleep on a camp-bed, I find it very comfortable. 2. I believe Friday the
only convenient day for our meeting, we have only four lectures on that day. 3.
Though the flat was rather comfortable, warm, light and cosy, it was not convenient
for our work as it was rather small. 4. These shoes are very convenient for wear in
wet weather as they have rubber soles.
e) 1. The two streams join at the foot of the mountain. 2. United we stand, divided
we fall. 3. One by one the children joined in the game. 4. The partisans' detachment
joined the regular army and the enemy lost the battle against their joint/united
forces. 5. All peace-loving people should unite in their struggle against a new war.
6. Won't you join me in a walk?
Ex. XIII, p. 23
1. It makes no difference. 2. Rivers run into the sea. 3. You can't depend on him.
4. Make yourself comfortable. 5. French is different from English in having far
more verbal inflexions. 6. He looks ill. 7. Join these points with a line. 8. This street
runs east and west. 9. He refused to depend on his parents (for a living). 10. I differ
from/with you. 11. I'll run the car into the garage. 12. Will you join us? 13. I ran
across/into him in London last week. 14. Look here, Tom! 15. This tool is
convenient. 16. These are different people with the same name. 17. Why does Jane
keep silent?
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