Abdildabekova Aigul Mukhtarovna¹, Teleuova Elmira Teshebaevna², Kabdoldina Kerim Kuanyshkyzy3. ¹Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of al-Farabi KazNU, Kazakhstan, Almaty.
²Candidate of Historical Sciences,Associate Professor of al-Farabi KazNU, Kazakhstan, Almaty.
3Master’s degree, Department of History of Kazakhstan, al-Farabi KazNU, Kazakhstan, Almaty.
Abstract. Studying the history of empires remains valid. Researchers are trying to identify common trends shaping imperial states, relations between the center and the periphery, national-ethnic and religious issues, questions of “imperial thinking”, etc. At the same time, often raised the issue of «the phenomenon of the Russian Empire», which is in the way of education and methods of control colonies. The article analyzes the work in which researchers argue in favor of the uniqueness of the Russian Empire, from the point of view of «soft policy» of economic exploitation, unlike other “classical empires”. For a comprehensive understanding of the specifics of the policy of the Russian Empire in relation to Kazakhstan, it is necessary, first of all, to understand the current state of studying the General problems of the Empire, its definitions and features, typology, stages of formation, development and collapse. It is important to understand what logic, within the framework of which scientific schools and methodologies empires were interpreted, what contribution to this process was made not only by historians, but also by philosophers, sociologists, political scientists and cultural scientists.There are various schools of study of this problem, which analyze the patterns of the formation of empires, their expansion, flourishing, decline and death. However, there is no generally accepted definition of Empire. However, as a result of long discussions, scholars are more or less United in the view that an Empire is a state entity of a fairly large size, which includes territories and peoples as constituent parts, usually annexed by military means and held in full or partial subjection by force.
Keywords: geopolitics, еmpire, colony, metropolis, politics, economy, phenomenon, center, periphery, administration.
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