Ex. VIII, p. 319
a) 1. She always worries when she doesn't get my letters for a long time. 2. The
letter that informed us of her unexpected departure greatly troubled/worried me. 3. I
knew that he would willingly help me, but I didn't like to bother him. 4. Don't' worry!
Dinner will be ready on time. 5. The child is very weak, and I can very well
understand that it worries you. 6. Don't bother about the taxi. I'll get you home in my
car. 7. I felt that he didn't pay any attention to what I was saying. I decided that he
was anxious/ was worrying about something. 8. I shouldn't like to trouble/ bother you
with my tiresome affairs. 9. The climate is very bad there, and I worry/am anxious
about her health. 10. I'm sorry to bother you, but I need his address badly.
b) 1. What are you so anrxious about? 2. Her anxious face was pale. 3. We were full
of anxiety and worry. 4. Michael was anxious to find a job. 5. I was anxiously
waiting for his answer. 6. His anxiety for success made him many enemies. 7.
Anxiety makes people older.
c) 1. From the age of seven till seventeen I attended school. 2. The attendance at
lectures has fallen off. 3. In this hotel you will be well attended on. 4. Your
attendance is required.
d) 1. Who(m) are you entertaining at dinner tonight? 2. His jokes didn't entertain us
much. 3. The play was not very entertaining. 4. Do you know any places of
entertainment in this town? 5. Do they often entertain?
Ex. IX, p. 320
1. Почему вы думаете, что он знает правду? — Это видно по всему. По
выражению его лица. По тому, как он разговаривал за обедом. 2. Она
улыбнулась своей обычной обворожительной улыбкой. 3. Он все бубнил на
одной ноте, и от этого Китти казалось, что его голос доносится откуда-то
издалека. 4. Особенно он похвалил нас за то, как успешно мы справились с этой
трудной работой. 5. Я не знал, куда смотреть. 6. Я действительно никак не могу
привыкнуть к этому новому укладу жизни/к этим новым обычаям. 7. Так вот
как ты к нам относишься? 8. Она швырнула тапочки мне в лицо. Вела себя
самым возмутительным образом/совершенно возмутительно. 9. Изабель не
хотела мешать Ларри. 10. Софи протолкалась между танцующими парами и
исчезла в толпе. 11. Я отступил в сторону, чтобы он мог подняться по лестнице.
12. Мать Сюзанны едва ли могла прожить на свою пенсию при таких ценах. 13.
Они побывали в Шартре и теперь возвращались в Париж. 14. Я видел, как
официант пробирается между столиками. 15. В комнате имелась узкая железная
кровать, а из остальной мебели — только самое необходимое.
Ex. X, р. 320
1. The children were not allowed to go to the lake by themselves. But one day they
had their (own) way and did go without saying a word to anyone. On the/their way
home they nearly lost their way. Fortunately they met an old forester who helped
them to get home. 2. She told/spoke about it cheerfully in her usual charming way/in
that charming way of hers. 3. He made his way to the door without saying a word. 4.
I don't know this area. Could you lead the way to that place? 5. What way out do you
suggest? 6. I am afraid the table will be in your way here.
Ex. XII, p. 321
1. Don't worry your pretty little head about/over the mysterious visitor. 2. By
arranging good marriages for her daughters she expected to make up for all the
disappointments of her own career. 3. He sat quite still and stared with those wide
immobile eyes of his at the picture. 4. "He has a bath in cold water every morning."
—" Oh! He is made of iron, that man." 5. Are we in the way? 6. I suppose it was
natural for you to be anxious about the garden party. But that's all over now. There's
nothing more to worry about. 7. He arrived at the Lomond Hotel, very hot and
sweaty and exhausted and had an obscure feeling that they would take one look at
him and then ask him to go away.
Ex. XIV, p. 321
1. On entering the hall she looked about/round/around and made her way to the
mirror. 2. She caught hold of my hand to keep from falling. 3. We were going down
to the river holding on to the tree branches. 4. All evening the boy would keep hold
of the toy. 5. The sick man was so weak that he lost hold of the cup. It fell and
smashed/broke to pieces/shattered. 6. The children in the next room were making an
awful noise, and he couldn't concentrate on the letter, try as he would/no matter how
hard he tried/however hard he tried. Of course, he could make them go to the garden,
but he didn't want to show his wife that they were in the way. 7. Very anxious, he
was looking for a way out of the unpleasant situation/ the mess but couldn't make up
his mind. 8. Mum is very worried/ is worrying a lot/is very anxious about your
health. So am 1.9. She was wearing a lot of make-up/She was heavily made up, and
the way she was talking and laughing attracted everybody's attention. 10. "I've
always known several ways of getting rich. But as it happens, keeping hold of the
money has always been a problem for me." The elderly passenger talked on and on in
the same vein/way to the entertainment/enjoyment of all those travelling in the
carriage. 11. Mr. Webb was wearing/wore high heels to make up for his short stature.
12. You can't always have your (own) way. If you behave like this, you will only
make enemies.
Ex. XVII, p. 322
Пришла пора отправляться в театр. Фрэнсис Уоберн надел свой высоченный
цилиндр, снова заговорил о себе, и они двинулись к «Колизею». Он оказался
намного выше, чем прежде думала Роуз, — впрочем, возможно, все дело было
в его нелепом цилиндре, — и подле него она казалась себе крохотной
толстушкой, правда, толстушкой милой и умной. Она семенила рядом, делая
вид, что прислушивается к его рассказу, но на самом деле вместо того чтобы
слушать, все время повторяла про себя: «Это я, я, Роуз Солтер, иду сейчас на
русский балет в «Колизее» с высоким, шикарным парнем, настоящим
лондонцем. Как все это странно!»
Они поднялись на один из балконов громадного театра, который показался
Роуз самым что ни на есть великолепным и изумительным местом, которое она
когда-либо видела. Внизу, в оркестровой яме, десятки музыкантов настраивали
свои инструменты. Публика, такая же шикарная, как Фрэнсис Уоберн,
внимательно изучала программки. Затем в зале медленно погасли все огни,
кроме тех, что так красиво освещали занавес. Заиграла музыка, Фрэнсис
Уоберн замолчал, и Роуз вмиг забыла о его существовании. Музыка оказалась
очень странной, не похожей ни на что из слышанного ею раньше. В ней не
было ничего уютного, удобного, ласкающего слух. Роуз не могла понять,
нравится ей эта музыка или нет: у нее не получалось отодвинуть ее в сторонку,
подумать и решить. Она неслась и тонула в грандиозных волнах звука,
потрясенная их неотвязным биением и громом труб. Занавес словно по
волшебству взвился, пред нею ослепительными красками за играла сцена, и ее
ошеломленному взору представился незнакомый край, новая, незнаемая
вселенная. Последняя мощна- волна звука словно подняла ее и швырнула за
границы привычного мирка. Эльфы, феи и гномы, населявшие эти неведомые
царства, могли жить только в беспрестанном движении.) Иногда они бывали
скучноватыми. Иногда глупыми. Но п большей части они были так прекрасны,
деятельны и грациозны и было так очевидно, что они — существа из другого
мира, мира, где царят музыка и яркие цвета, что у Роуа стоял в гор ле ком и к
глазам подступали слезы.
Публика захлопала. Фрэнсис Уоберн захлопал. Но Роуз не могла
аплодировать. Просто бить в ладоши, производя глупы шум, — нет, для них
этого было слишком мало. У нее был для них лучший дар — все ее сердце.
Ex. V, р. 329
When we arrived, the house was already full. In a few minutes the curtain went
up and all eyes turned on the stage. The scenery was very simple, in black, white and
grey. Against this background the costumes of the characters looked very
impressive. The cast was pretty good and the leading man's acting was just
magnificent. When he was on the stage, the attention of the entire audience was
fixed on him and his performance. During the celebrated scene from the third act
there was death-like/dead/ deathly silence. The spectators were
overwhelmed/stunned. Many of them wept. Besides, the scene was lighted
marvellously. The director was using the lighting to advantage to heighten/enhance
the impression made by the actors' performance.
When after the final scene the curtain had gone/went down, there followed a long
pause and then a storm/burst of applause (there was a long pause followed by a
storm/burst of applause).
Ex. VIII a), p. 331
Chekhov's play "The Sea-gull" was first staged in the Alexandrinsky Theatre in
Petersburg. It was a complete failure. The play was ruined by a dull and clumsy
production. It was staged in the "good old traditions" whereas Chekhov's plays were
quite unlike any other plays written before and demanded new forms and devices.
The Petersburg audience did not understand "The Sea-gull". There was laughter in
most poetical scenes and many of the audience left long before the end of the play. It
was a cruel blow to Chekhov. However, in the Moscow Art Theatre, which was not a
year old then (it was in 1898), the same play directed by K. S. Stanislavsky was a
tremendous success. Stanislavsky's production of "The Sea-gull" opened a new
epoch in the history of the theatre and symbolized the triumph of the new and
progressive forms over the old ones.
In memory of that event a white sea-gull spreads its wings on the curtain of the
Moscow Art Theatre.
Ex. IX a), p. 332
The circumstances under which "The Sea-gull" was staged were complicated and
painful. Anton Chekhov was seriously ill at the time, as his tuberculosis had got
worse. Besides his depression was so deep that he might not have survived another
failure of "The Sea-gull" like the one he had seen when it was first produced/put on
in St. Petersburg. The failure of the new production might have killed the writer. His
sister Maria, tears of anxiety in her ey§s, had warned us about it and implored us to
cancel the performance. However, we needed it badly because financially the theatre
was in bad shape/because the theatre was pressed for money, and we were in need of
a new production to raise the box-office returns. Let the readers judge for
themselves/ I leave it to the reader to judge what condition we, the actors, were in
when we came on the stage to act in the new production for the first time knowing
that the house was far from full. Standing on the stage we were listening to the inner
voice whispering, "Act well, act brilliantly, achieve a success, a triumph. And if you
fail, remember that on receiving your telegram the writer you love will die, put to
death by your hands. You will become his executioners."
I do not remember how we performed. The first act concluded amid death-like
silence. One of the actresses fainted and I myself was on my last legs from despair.
But suddenly after a long pause there was an uproar, a crash, a storm of applause.
The curtain moved, went up... then down again and we just stood there, stunned.
Then there was an uproar again and again up went the curtain...
1
We were all
standing motionless, hardly aware that we were supposed to take curtain-calls.
Eventually we sensed success and extremely excited, began to embrace/hug each
other. We cheered M. Lilina who had played Masha and had melted the ice in the
spectators' hearts with her closing words. Each act heightened the success and the
performance ended in a triumph. Chekhov was sent a detailed telegram.
1
You can avoid using "again" twice: "...was another uproar and again up went the curtain...".
Ex. XII a), p. 334
A. На свете есть множество людей, которых в театре всегда охватывает
волнение, сколько бы раз они туда ни ходили. Для них театр — это
таинственный и прекрасный мир; он открывает им двери в царство фантазии,
усиливая радость жизни, а создаваемая на сцене иллюзия озаряет их
обыденную жизнь золотые светом романтики.
B. В Театре, которому мы с гордостью служим, идеи — это всего лишь
летние зарницы, вспыхивающие над бездонным озером чувств. Возможно,
театр и стимулирует ум, но главное не это, а то, что он захватывает
воображение зрителя, так что тот еще долго видит перед собой актеров и
слышит, как они говорят ему о своем отчаянии или надежде.
GRAMMAR EXERCISES
THE INDICATIVE MOOD
REVISION EXERCISES ON TENSE AND VOICE
(TO UNITS ONE—THREE)
Ex. 1, p, 434
a) 1. The Present Indefinite (PI) (am) is used to denote a present state, and the
Present Continuous (PC) (are coming) is used to express a planned future action. 2.
The PC (are chattering) serves to express an action in progress at the moment of
speaking. The PI (is) is used to denote a present gtate. 3. The PC (am telling) is used
to show that the speaker thinks that the action takes place too often and is annoyed
by that- Such adverbials as always, constantly, all the time, forever, etc. are
obligatory in sentences of this kind. 4. The PC (is working) is used to express an
action going on in the present period of time. 5. The PI (are) is used to denote a
present state. 6. The PI is used to denote an action going on at the present moment
because the verb hear is not used in Continuous tenses. 7. The PI (is) is used to
denote a future action in a conditional clause. 8. The PI is used to denote a present
state (believe) and a future action in a time clause (spends).
1. "What do you think of this drawing?" — "I think it is excellent." 2. A holiday camp
usually has its own swimming-pool and tennis courts. 3. She is playing tonight. 4. Do
you like to spend your holidays with hundreds of her people? 5. "What are you
listening to?" — "It seems to me I hear a strange noise outside." 6. "Are you reading
anything in English now?" — "Yes, I'm reading a play by Oscar Wilde." 7. I'll join
them in their trip with pleasure if they invite me. 8. I don't see what you are driving
at. 9. Did you enjoy the trip? 10. "Can I see Doctor Trench?" — "I'm sorry you can't;
he is having his breakfast." 11. I don't like the girl; she is continually bothering me
with silly questions. 12. Please wait till he finishes. 13. "Nell is having a rest in the
south too, I guess." — 116 Grammar Exercises
"Yes, you guess right." 14. "Do you often get letters from her?" — "Not so very
often."
Ex. 2, p. 435
1.I hear he is writing a new book. 2. I am told he does some translating from
German. 3. I hear he is recovering/getting better. 4. I hear you are going to leave us.
5. I hear they have returned from Great Britain. 6. I'm told that you made an
interesting report yesterday. 7. He has already left for St. Petersburg, I hear. 8. I hear
he sings well. 9. I (can) hear him singing in the next room. 10. We are told that they
are coming the day after tomorrow. 11. I hear yon have received a letter from your
friend Mario. 12. Jane is having a very good time at the seaside, I hear.
Ex. 3, p. 435
a) 1. The Present Perfect is used to express a past action which has a clear result in
the present. It can be called the Present Perfect Resultative. 2. The Present Perfect is
used to denote an action that began in the past, continued for some time and has just
stopped (the Present Perfect Resultative). 3. The Present Perfect Continuous is used
to denote an action which was in progress quite recently and affects the present
situation. This may be called the Present Perfect Continuous Exclusive. 4. The
Present Perfect Resultative/Exclusive (haven't yet said) is used to express a past
action connected with the present through its result. The Present Perfect Continuous
Exclusive (have been waiting) is used to denote an action of some duration which
began at some moment in the past and has just stopped.
b) 1. "How long have you been here?" she demanded angrily. 2. This pair of shoes is
just what I have been looking for to match my new frock. 3. I want you to remember
that I have never asked youforanythingbefore.4. "What's that noise?" — "Mary has
broken a tea-cup." 5. I have been thinking about it the last three days. It's such a
bother to me. So it really is a relief to talk it over with you. 6. Listen to me, all of
you! I have come with the most tremendous news. 7.I see you haven't done much.
What have you been doing all morning? 8. It's hard to believe that it has been only
two years and a half since I met him. 9. "We haven't seen Edward for a long time.
Has he changed very much?" — "No, he is just the same." 10. Of course, we trust
her. After all, Margaret and I have known Lucy all our lives. 11.I haven't worn this
dress for two years. 12. My watch has been going for three days and it hasn't
stopped yet. 13. Jack has gone to Bulgaria for a holiday, I hear. I myself have never
been there.
с) 1. Я все хотел поговорить с тобой, Льюис. 2. Она не покупала новой одежды
с начала года. 3. После отъезда он написал мне только одно письмо, а я послал
ему четыре. 4. Я хочу предложить тебе кое-что. Мы обсуждали это с твоей
матерью. 5. Берил тут рассказывала мне совершенно поразительные вещи.
Наверняка она преувеличивала. 6. Я пригласил его пообедать у меня в
воскресенье. 7. Именно это я старалась вспомнить с тех пор, как познакомилась
с ним. 8. «Не может быть, чтобы это было правдой, — подумала она. — Это
мне просто снится». 9. Знаешь, эти последние несколько недель я по тебе очень
скучал. 10. Боюсь, я не понимаю тебя, Джеральд. Я не передумала. А ты?
Ex. 4, р. 436
1. It is half past eight and you haven't done your morning exercises yet. 2. I got
up with a headache today and decided to walk to my office instead of taking a bus.
Now I am feeling much better. 3. Did you meet any interesting people at the holiday
camp? 4. She hasn't had a holiday for two years. 5. Did you enjoy Mary's singing?
6. Where did you buy these lovely gloves? 7. "Where has she gone? Maybe she is in
the lab?" — "No, I've just been there. It's locked." 8. Why have/did you shut your
book? Please open it again on page ten. 9. I am sorry. What did you say, Mr.
Hartley? 10. His face seems familiar to me. When and where did I see him? 11. I
hear you have just got married. When did the ceremony take place? 12. Old George
hasn't been here for years! 13. "Have you read "The Man of Property"?" — "I
began the book last week and have just finished it." 14. A few months ago they
pulled down some old houses in our street and began to build a new block of flats.
15. Do you remember my name or have you forgotten it? 16. When I called on him,
I found that he was out. 17. His first question to the girl was: "Where did you see the
man?" 18. What was her answer to your question? 19. Where did you put my
umbrella? I need it. 20. He sat there quietly for a while and then left unnoticed.
Ex. 5, p. 437
a) 1. The Past Indefinite (was and seemed) is used to state past facts (to denote past
states), and the Past Perfect (had been) serves to express an action that began before
the given moment in the past and continued into it. Since the verb in question to be is
stative and cannot be normally used in Continuous forms, the use of the Past
Continuous is impossible. 2. The Past Indefinite (went) is used to denote a single past
action, and the Past Continuous (was setting) expresses an action that was in progress
at the moment. 3. The Past Indefinite (listened and could not) is used to state past
facts, and the Past Continuous (was being said) shows that the action was in progress
at the given moment in the past. 4. The Past Indefinite is used to state a simple fact in
the past (was) and a single past action (asked), and the Past Perfect serves to express
an action which preceded the action of the verbs used in the Past Indefinite. 5. The
Past Indefinite is used to state a past fact (to denote a past state) (knew), and the Past
Continuous (was going) expresses a planned future action viewed from the past. 6.
The Past Indefinite (were written) is used to state a simple fact in the past.
b) 1. It was the poorest room Hilary had seen. 2. No sooner had she arrived at the
station than a fast London train came ever. 3. It was decided to say nothing to Sidney
until the answer was received/had been received. 4. Arthur went up to his room.
Nothing in it had been changed since his arrest. 5. No wonder he was very tired. He
had been working too hard for the last three months. 6. I was trembling tike a leaf. 7.
Mr. Dennant, accustomed to laugh at other people, did not suspect that he was being
laughed at. 8. She said it in a voice he had never heard before. 9. I looked into the
kitchen. Mary-Ann was putting the supper on a tray to take it into the dining-room.
10. I was fifteen and had just come back from school for the summer holiday. 11. It
had been raining heavily since morning and she did not allow the children to go out.
12. Soon I got a letter from her to the effect that she was returning from the South of
France; she wanted me to meet her. 13. Trafalgar Square was laid about a hundred
years ago. 14. I had finished my work for the day and was resting quietly in my
armchair, thinking of the days that had gone by. 15. George, who had been laughing
loudly, suddenly broke o f f . 16. When Bamby's mother stood up, her head was
hidden among the branches. 17. She had been reading the book ever since she came
from school and couldn't tear herself away from it. 18. She had known Jim for more
than ten years, ever since her husband, who taught/was teaching/had taught/had been
teaching at that time in a Grammar school in London, first made his acquaintance
through the Labour Party. 19. He said he had been waiting for more than an hour. 20.
I was sure they had been talking about me, because they had broken off/broke o f f as
soon as I entered. 21. He said he had got/got two letters from Alice. 22. The rain that
had been falling since the morning had ceased by the afternoon, but a strong wind
was still blowing and the sky was covered with dark clouds.
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